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<title>My Professors</title>

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<font size="4">My Professors</font><o:p></o:p></h1>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><i><span style='font-size:
14.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>(I)<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>My professors at college
were giants, Olympian gods all. They are memorable names in the fields of
scholarship, learning and teaching. Of these, J. C. Bose, P. C. Ray, Percival, M.Ghose and our Principal P. K. Roy were mature elderly men; among the younger
group were Harinath De, Prafulla Ghose, Khagendranath Mitra, and a few others
who will appear in this story later.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.75pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>All
these men possessed a special gift for which they deserve admiration. Learning
and teaching ability are qualities not so rare, many teachers have them. But
the quality for which our ancient teachers were known as preceptors, <i>guru, </i>is
something unusual: that is the power of influence, the touch of an awakened
soul. The true quality of a teacher does not He in what mysteries he has taught
the disciple or how deep has been his exposition. How far has he evoked with
his own personality the inner spirit of his disciple? – that is the question.
We find this in the records of our ancient tradition. A disciple comes to the
teacher for the knowledge of Brahman, <i>brahmavidya. </i>The teacher,
instead of giving him any instruction or explanation of any deep mystery, asks
him simply to repair to the forest and tend the kine for a while. 'For a while'
meant quite a few years in fact – as in the Gautama-Satyakama episode of the
Chhandogya Upanishad! As we all know, here in the Ashram, the Mother has often
given us to clean the dishes and not engage in study. <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.75pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The
great men with whom we studied had this gift in large<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

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<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 429<o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>measure, at least many of
them. Percival taught us Shakespeare. He never expounded in full the meaning
of words and phrases. This was done in detail by Manomohan Ghose, although he
too did this only during the first two years of college; for we were then just
fresh from school and he had to explain everything in detail, so that we had no
need of any other help, not even of a dictionary. But, from this point of view,
there was no one, the students thought, who could match 'Professor J. N.
Dasgupta. He was actually a History man, but he was given to teach English as
well. The boys would say, the naughty ones perhaps, that Dasgupta left us in no
doubt or uncertainty as to the meaning anywhere, so he would dictate,
&quot;father means the male parent'.'! Percival did not act as a lexicon. He,
dwelt only on such passages as had any complexity or dramatic intent, and he
would convey the inner sense by his manner of reading. I remember a passage in
<i>King John, </i>where a single monosyllable, &quot;O!&quot; is uttered by a
character. Percival omitted to read it, his only comment was, &quot;Only a
great actor can utter this word.&quot; We read Burke with him. He would turn over
pages after pages of the huge volume, with occasional sentences as to the
writer's drift; this would help bring out <i>the per</i>sonality of Burke, the
mould of his thought. Percival's figure lives clearly in my mind. He always
walked with his back erect, sat in his chair in the same posture. I have never
seen him bend or sway. He would sit immobile and straight, his head high up on
a stiff neck; only the words came out of his mouth as from an oracle.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.5pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Manomohan
Ghose not only gave his explanations and comments, he also helped us in
appreciating poetry. He taught us <i>The Princess. </i>This was his comment on
the book. &quot;You know what this work is like? If Tagore had cared to write a
poem on female emancipation, it would have been something like this book of
Tennyson's. But even in this arid expanse there are some oases, as for instance
these charming lines:<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;'>Page – 430<o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:56.7pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;tab-stops:-7.1pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Tears,
idle tears, I know not what they mean, <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:56.7pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;tab-stops:-7.1pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Tears
from the depth of some divine despair <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:56.7pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;tab-stops:-7.1pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>Rise in the heart and gather to the
eyes.&quot;<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.75pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>I
was lucky to have his comments on two of my own compositions. One was on my
very first essay in college. We were asked to do a home-work, the subject given
was &quot;Imitation&quot;. He explained what it meant: I still recall he gave
as an illustration the protective mimicry of birds. I wrote out a very full
essay, dwelling first on the virtues of imitation, next on its drawbacks. I
began the second part of my essay by saying, &quot;But Janus has his other face
too.&quot; I had at the time just heard about the god Janus. You know who is
Janus? He is the two-faced god of ancient <st1:City><st1:place>Rome</st1:place></st1:City>.
He was also known as a god of war, war and peace being his two faces. The doors
of his temple were opened in times of war, they were closed during peace. So he
symbolised the door; indeed the word in Latin means the door, through which one
can pass this way or that. The month of January derives from the name of this
god, as this month faces both the old year and the new. Anyway, the professor
wrote on my composition, &quot;First-class essay.&quot; You can well understand
how elated I felt.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:12.0pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The
second time it was probably just after I had come to the Degree class. In a
tutorial class he set an essay to be written on the spot. We were given the
choice of a number of subjects. I chose &quot;Self-Realisation or
God-Realisation&quot;. I do not now remember which of the two I supported, Self
or God! Perhaps I said that Self-Realisation really meant God-Realisation, for
the Self was nothing but an illusi'on. Or did I say that to realise God was
nothing but Self-Realisation, for God was nothing, Self alone was the reality?
I must have introduced a lot of such metaphysical stuff. This brought the
following comment from the professor: &quot;He is one of those generalisers who
fight shy of facts and figures.&quot; I could see these &quot;facts and
figures&quot; clearly illustrated in the work of my neighbour. Next to me sat
Naren Laha (now<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>well-known as Dr. N. N. Law). </p>

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<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page - 431<o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>I cast a furtive glance to see what he had written. He had chosen
&quot;Bankimchandra&quot; as his subject. I found he had serially classified
the collected works of Bankim with a full tabulation of their good and bad
points. Here was a shining example of clear &quot;facts and figures&quot;, and
complete statistics.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:15.8pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>There
is another amusing anecdote about this Naren Laha; it relates to another
professor of ours, Harinath De. De was then a comparatively junior man just
returned from <st1:country-region><st1:place>England</st1:place></st1:country-region>.
One day he mentioned in class that before he left for <st1:country-region><st1:place>England</st1:place></st1:country-region>
he had kept a page mark in a book he had been reading in the college library
and that the book must still be there with its page mark, exactly as he had
left it. I went to the library to search out the book and could verify the
truth of his remark, though I cannot now tell you what the book was about. In<b>
</b>his teaching he was noted for parallel passages; he would bring in heaps
of quotations from passages of similar thoughts. He also prepared a book of
Notes on these lines, although he once himself admitted in class that the Notes
had been written at an immature stage with the sole object of showing off his
learning and that all those parallel passages were really unnecessary. This
Harinath De happened to be our examiner in English at the Annual Test, and in
his hands our Naren Laha, a good boy, an exceptionally good boy in fact,
received a big zero. This left us gaping and we had no end of fun. We decided
among ourselves it must be credited to drink. I need not hide the fact that De
had been addicted to alcohol, but that had no adverse effect on his character
or learning. He was simple and easy in his manner and very sociable. And as for
his learning, it was a veritable ocean. He was proficient in about two dozen
languages; whatever language he offered for an examination, he always got a
first class first. Greek and Latin he had read with Sri Aurobindo; he knew Sri
Aurobindo.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:15.8pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The
youngest of all our teachers of English was Prafulla<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;
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<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 432 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Ghose. He had just passed
out of the University. Precisely because he was a raw young man, he could
infuse into his feelings and attitude, his manner and language, a degree of
warmth and enthusiasm. One day he asked a question in class. One Kiran Mukherji
(he was first in English in his B.A. and M.A. and a Greats scholar at Oxford
later) stood up and gave a fine answer. .But Prafulla Ghose remarked, &quot;I
see the Roman hand of the master&quot;, that is to say, the answer had been
given after getting hold of Percival's Notes on the point.¹ It seems I came
under his special favour, somehow. Two of us once took part in a recitation
competition. I do not now recall exactly what was the particular piece of which
poet or dramatist. Very probably, it was from Scott's <i>Lay of the Last
Minstrel, </i>the piece beginning:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>A stark
moss-trooping Scot was he.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;tab-stops:280.3pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Prafulla
Ghose and an Englishman named Tipping, another teacher of English, were the
judges. They listened to our pieces and Tipping decided in favour of the other
boy. He being the senior man, and an Englishman at that, it was his verdict
that prevailed. Prafulla Ghose sent for me afterwards and expressed his opinion
that Tipping had not done justice to me. I believe my competitor spoke English
with a slightly Anglo-Indian accent, like the one our educated people in
Calcutta used to affect once or do even now in imitation, and that must have
sounded better in Tipping's ears than my &quot;native&quot; Bengali
pronunciation.<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:10.55pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Now
that we have been discussing Mr. Tipping, let me add a little more about him.
As a teacher his speciality lay in drawing sketches. That is to say, he tried
to present before the students in a concrete, living manner any scene described<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:10.55pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:10.55pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'>¹ The phrase &quot;Roman hand&quot; occurs in
Shakespeare's <i>Twelfth Night </i>(III. 4.48). The hero receives a letter from
his fiancee and can guess who the writer may be from the handwriting itself. He
exclaims in joy, &quot;I think we do know the sweet Roman hand.&quot;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-line-height-alt:
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<span style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page
– 433 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>in the text, by sketching
it on the black-board. It can .hardly be said that he was a skilled painter or
artist. But perhaps illustrations in literature belong to the same category as advertising
posters; they serve the same purpose.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;tab-stops:right 281.75pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>As I remarked at the outset, bur
professors were like the<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>&nbsp; </span>Olympian gods,
not merely because of their calibre or gifts. and greatness of character; their
position and attitude were like that – somewhat aloof and quite beyond the
reach of personal contact or relations – at least for the first two or three
years. But there were some who sought to establish with the students an
intimacy, or at least a relatively closer relationship. Take for example our
professor of philosophy, Aditya Mukherji. He was nearing his forties perhaps at
the time. On the very first day of the First Year class he announced during
the roll-call that he would try every day to make himself familiar with the
faces of about half a dozen students. But this turned out to be impossible
later on, his resolution turned into a merely pious wish. He was a very good
teacher who would present the subject matter in a very simple, easy, neat and
clear manner. He had about his manner and expression what I have subsequently
come to recognise as French clarity. There is a pleasing association linked
with his name in my mind. I have told you about my first composition in the
first year of college, in connection with Manomohan Ghose. The first essay I
had to write in my Degree course was in the Honours class in philosophy.
Professor Aditya Mukherji gave an essay to .be written at home and it was duly
submitted. One day in class the Professor called out, &quot;No. 40&quot; –
this happened to be my roll-number. He said to me, &quot;Here is your essay. I
hope you will get a first-class in English also.&quot; You may well imagine the
state of my mind! My neighbours clustered round me and said, &quot;What is this
wonderful stuff you have written! Let's have a look.&quot; I had shown off a
lot of learning, by quoting is<i>varasiddheh, </i>from
Vijnanabhikshu, to show that the Sankhya is not necessarily atheistic, also by
stealing<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;
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<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 434 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>whole passages from Mill
and so on.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">The paper finally reached the hands of Kiran
Mukherji. I have spoken to you about him before; perhaps something more could
be added here. As I have said, he returned from England after attaining great
distinction. at Oxford. Ashutosh Mukherji took him on as a professor at the
Calcutta University. I met him several times during my trips to Calcutta from
here. While in England he used to read with interest all my articles in the
journals. Our relations grew more intimate several years later, that is, when
he got interested in our work and sadhana here. There had been some tragedy in
his life, – I do not know the exact story, – so that in spite of his
intellectual gifts and learning he was an unhappy man. He had been turning this
way in search of peace and a different kind of life. But he was taken away
from this world by an untimely death.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:.15in;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>P.
C. Ray was the one person who could set up an intimate personal relationship
with the students; that indeed was his outstanding gift, and it was this that
enabled him to leave behind a series of disciples. At the very sight of his
pleasant smiling face, the students felt their minds and hearts suffused with
joy, almost with a light as it were. One day in class he happened to say
something in Bengali. We were taken aback: a professor using Bengali in
college, at the Presidency of all places! This was unprecedented! He could
guess immediately what we felt and came out with the Bengali verse, meaning:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:.15in;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.15in;text-align:justify;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>All
over the world there is a babel of tongues; <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.15in;text-align:justify;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Can
anything please unless it's one's own?<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>You can understand how unfailingly he could draw the
students towards him.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:9.6pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
J. C. Bose was a somewhat different type. I did not have the luck to meet him in 
class more than once or twice, for he left for England soon. But he was by 
nature of a serious temperament;
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;
mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none;border:medium none;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 435 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>and in contrast
to P. C. Ray who never bothered about his dress or appearance, he was always
neat and prim and proper. But he too was equally worthy of respect for his
nobility of mind and innate greatness. I have referred elsewhere in an earlier
talk to his friendship with Sister Nivedita and the encouragement I had from
him in my attempt to master the technique of the bomb.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.25pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>There
was another professor of philosophy I should not omit to mention. He too was
quite young at the time, a fine handsome and pleasing figure. But the subject
that he taught gave us – to me at least – no kind of pleasure. The subject was
Ethics, and the text book was James Seth's. To me, it seemed, it talked all
sorts of rubbish and nonsense, things that had neither depth nor sincerity. The
professor, Khagendranath Mitra, did, however, take a good deal of pains to
initiate us into the mysteries of morality. But. J am mentioning his name here
not for that reason; nor again because he developed into a well-known singer of
Vaishnava hymns. It is because he chanced to turn up here, many years later, on
the occasion of a Darshan; this was after he had retired from service. When we
met, I reminded him in the course of our talk, &quot;Sir, you are my guru, I
have been a student of yours&quot;. He was a little surprised. I then explained
everything. &quot;That's very well,&quot; he said, &quot;I am very pleased to
hear it, for I have found what I wanted. Well, I was your guru, now give me my
fee.&quot; &quot;Tell me, sir, how.&quot; &quot;I have given you some teaching,
now you give me some: tell me about the sadhana you follow here.&quot;<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:12.45pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>While
speaking of my professors, I must not omit to mention our Pundit. This was a
title given by the students to the teacher of Sanskrit in college as in school,
no matter how big a professor he might be – as if to show that the feeling of
distance created by English was not there in the case of Sanskrit. Our Pundit
was Satischandra Vidyabhushan, who later became a Mahamahopadhyaya, an
extremely courteous man, entirely modest, one who behaved as if he<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;
mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none;border:medium none;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 436 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>were an absolute
&quot;nobody&quot;. <span style='mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>I</span>n<b> </b>his
class the students had no fear or worry, no constraint, sometimes even no sense
of propriety either. One day they said in class, &quot;There is not going to be
any reading today, sir; you had better tell us a story. You are familiar with
the languages and histories and cultures of so many strange lands, please tell
us something.&quot; Vidyabhushan was particularly learned in Pali and the
Buddhist scriptures. Without a murmur he accepted the order of the boys. While
talking of Pali and the Buddhists, he told us something about the Tibetans
too. &quot;What you call Darjeeling,&quot; he said, &quot;is not a distorted
version of Durjayalinga. Actually it is a transcription of a Tibetan
word.&quot; He spelt out the word on the black-board, in the Tibetan script –
it looked somewhat like Bengali – something like Dang-Sang-Ling, I cannot now
exatly recall. On another occasion we had the chance to hear a conversation in
Sanskrit in his class. The class was on, when one of the officials of the
college entered the room with a Ceylonese monk. The monk wanted to meet the
Pundit. They talked in Sanskrit. I only remember a single sentence of our professor,
<i>&quot;ghatika-catustayam eva <span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>agacchatu bhavan, </i>&quot;Be
pleased to come at four o'clock.&quot; The kindness and affection of our Pundit
are still fresh in my mind. He was never afflicted by the weight of his
learning, nor did it ever afflict us.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:10.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Now
to conclude: let me give you the scene of my final. parting with college, the
professors and college life.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.5pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>I
had just been released after a year of jail. My father said, &quot;You should
resume your studies, but not in Calcutta. Calcutta is a place for all sorts of
excitement. Young people easily lose their heads on coming in contact with
Calcutta. If you are to study, you shall have to choose a place outside
Calcutta where there is not much excitement.&quot; I said, &quot;All
right.&quot; I had no intention of proceeding further with my studies; my real
object was to bide my time until I found a safe anchor. What kind of anchor it
would be I had no idea. So, on the pretext of securing a Transfer Certificate,<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;
mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none;border:medium none;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 437 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>for getting admitted to a
college outside Calcutta, I went to my old college, the Presidency. The certificate
had been made out by the clerk and submitted to the Principal for his
signature. As we waited, there was a summons for me from the Principal to see
him<b>. </b>In<b> </b>the column for &quot;conduct&quot;, there was this entry
on my certificate, &quot;He was an accused in the Alipur Bomb Conspiracy case,
but was acquitted.&quot; This entry must have drawn the attention of the
Principal, and perhaps he wanted to see for himself who and what kind of man
was this &quot;accused&quot;. As I entered his room, he looked up and saw me.
Could he recognise me? For in his English classes I used to sit on the front
bench just facing him. He must have observed me any number of times, so I used
to think. Now he kept on asking why I wanted a transfer and why I should not
continue in the same college. &quot;My guardians do not want me to continue
here,&quot; I said. He expressed his doubts, &quot;You won't find it
convenient. It<b> </b>is better to continue here.&quot; In<b> </b>the end, he
had to give me the Certificate. I bowed to him and came away. The Principal
happened to be our professor of English, Percival.<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>(2)<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:.15in;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>In<b>
</b>an earlier talk I told you incidentally that I had a mind to say something
about the English poet Wordsworth. I mentioned then that I did not come to
appreciate his poetry in my school days; it happened in college, and to a large
extent thanks to Professor Manomohan Ghose. In<b> </b>our school days, the mind
and heart of Bengali students were saturated with the poetry of Tagore:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:.15in;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0;text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:
8.85pt;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>In<b> </b>the bower of my
youth the love-bird sings, <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Wake up, O darling, wake;<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Opening thy lids that are
lazy with love, <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Wake up, O darling,
wake...<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;
mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none;border:medium none;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 438 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>This poetry belongs to the
type once graphically characterised by our humorous novelist Prabhat Mukherji
through one of his characters, a <i>sadhu, </i>describing the charms of the
Divine Name:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>It
has the sweetness and the sugar <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Of <i>sandesh
</i>and <i>rasogulla.<o:p></o:p></i></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><i><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></i></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Indeed Tagore's poetry
drips liquid sugar. To young hearts enraptured by such language and feeling,
Wordsworth's<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Oft I had heard of Lucy
Gray: <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>And when I crossed the
wild,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>I chanced to see at break
of day <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The solitary child...<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>would appear rather dull
and dreary, tasteless almost.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:.15in;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Let
me in this connection tell you a story. We were then in college. The Swadeshi
movement was in full flood, carrying everything before it. We the young
generation of students had been swept off our feet. One day, Atul Gupta, who
as I have told you before was my friend, philosopher and guide, happened to
pass a remark which rather made me lose my bearings. a little. He was listing
the misdeeds of the British in India. &quot;This nation of shopkeepers!&quot;
he was saying, &quot;There is no end to their trickeries to cheat us. Take for
instance this question of education. The system they have set up with the
high-sounding title of University and of advancement of learning is nothing
more than a machine for creating a band of inexpensive clerks and slaves to
serve them. They have been throwing dust in our eyes by easily passing off
useless Brummagem ware with the label of the real thing. One such piece of
eminently useless stuff is their poet Wordsworth, whom they have tried to foist
on our young boys to their immense detriment.&quot; This remark was no doubt a
testimony to his inordinate love of the country.
<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none;
mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none;border:medium none;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 439 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>But it remains to be seen how far it would bear
scrutiny as being based on truth.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>For us in India,
especially to Bengalis, the first and foremost obstacle to accepting
Wordsworth as a poet would be his simple, artless and homely manner:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:11.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Behold
her, single in the field,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>Yon solitary Highland Lass!<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>And, as a classic instance
of that famous homely diction, a line that follows:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Will
no one tell me what she sings?<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Who would be moved by lines such as these?<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;tab-stops:11.5pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>On the gates of entry to the poetic world of
Wordsworth<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>is engraved this motto:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:104.85pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>...the
Gods approve <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The depth
and not the tumult of the soul.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:104.85pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>It is as if the hermitage
of old, an abode of peace and quiet, sa<i>nta-rasaspadam
asramam idam. </i>All here is calm and unhurried, simple and natural
and transparent, there is no muddy current of tempestuous upheaval. That is why
the poet feels in his heart the time of evening as if it were<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:76.55pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>...quiet
as a Nun <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:28.35pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Breathless
with adoration,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:28.35pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>or else in. the early
morning he has the experience: <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:28.35pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The
Winds come to me from the fields of sleep.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Here is an easy, natural,
limpid flow, undisturbed in its movement and yet with a pleasant charm and
filled with an<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-line-height-alt:
4.3pt;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none;
border:medium none;mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in;
mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page
– 440 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>underlying sweetness. But
perhaps one has to listen intently to get at the sweetness and beauty of such
lines. They do not strike the outer ear for they set up no eddies there; the
inner hearing is their base.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>She was a Phantom of
Delight<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>When first she gleamed
upon my sight...<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Is this not a silent
opening of the divine gates of vision?<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Ethereal
minstrel! pilgrim of the sky!<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:10.8pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
Do not these words bear us far away on some unknown wings? <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:10.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Tranquillity
and a pleasant sweetness are then the first doors of entry. Through the second
doors we come to a wide intimacy, an all-pervading unity, where man and nature
have fused into one. This unity and universality breathe through and inspire
such simple yet startling words:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:10.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>I wandered lonely as a
cloud<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>That floats on high o'er
vales and hills,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:9.1pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>or,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:9.1pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:21.3pt;mso-line-height-alt:
11.75pt;mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:152.15pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>And beauty born of murmuring sound <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:21.3pt;mso-line-height-alt:
11.75pt;mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:152.15pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Shall pass into her face,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:11.75pt;
mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:152.15pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:
none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>or else this easy and
natural yet deep-serious utterance carrying the burden of a <i>mantra:<o:p></o:p></i></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:5.75pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:5.75pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Thou
hadst a voice whose sound was like the sea.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:21.3pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.0pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Once
we cross beyond these second gates we reach an inner region, a secluded
apartment of the soul where poetry assumes the garb of magic, a transcendent
skill lends to words<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-line-height-alt:
3.35pt;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none;
border:medium none;mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in;
mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page
- 441</span></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>the supernatural beauty
and grace of a magician's art. How often we have read these lines and heard
them repeated and yet they have not grown stale:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>A voice so thrilling never
was heard<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>In spring-time from the
Cuckoo-bird,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>Breaking the silence of the seas <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Among the farthest <st1:place>Hebrides</st1:place>,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:9.6pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>or,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:9.6pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Have sight of Proteus
rising from the sea;<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Or hear old Triton blow
his wreathed horn.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>This magic has no
parallel, except perhaps in Shakespeare's<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:143.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Daffodils,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:28.35pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>That come before the
swallow dares, and take<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:28.35pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The winds of March with
beauty; violets dim…<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><i>(The Winter's Tale, </i>Act
IV, Scene 4)<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.0pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Sri
Aurobindo has referred to another point of greatness in Wordsworth, where the
poetic mind has soared still higher, opening itself not merely to an intimacy
but to the voice of a summit infinity:<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.0pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:28.35pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The marble index of a mind
for ever<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:28.35pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Voyaging through strange
seas of Thought, alone<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><i>(The Prelude, </i>III<b>, </b><i>ll. </i>6<span style='font-size:
8.0pt'>2</span>-6<span style='font-size:8.0pt'>3</span>)<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Thus, with this poet, we
gain admittance to the very heart, the innermost sanctuary of poetry where we
fully realise what our old Indian critics laid down as their final verdict,
namely, that the poetic delight is akin to the Delight of Brahman.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:11.0pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>But
even the moon has its spots, and in Wordsworth the spots are of a fairly
considerable magnitude. Manomohan<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:
solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;border:medium none;
mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .75pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>
<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;'>Page – 442 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Ghose too had mentioned to
us these defects. Much of Wordsworth is didactic and rhetorical, that is, of
the nature of preaching, hence prosaic, even unpoetic although couched in
verse. Ghose used to say that even the <i>Ode on the Intimations of Immortality
</i>which is so universally admired is mainly didactic, much of it high
rhetoric, with very little real poetry in it. I must confess, however, that to
me personally some of its passages have a particular charm, like<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Our birth is but a sleep
and a forgetting: <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>The Soul that rises with
us, our life's Star, <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Hath had elsewhere its
setting,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>And cometh from afar...<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>But trailing clouds of
glory do we come...<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Atul Gupta had seen
perhaps only this adverse side of Wordsworth. He had marked the heavy hand of
the metaphysician,. <i>sthula-hastavalepa, </i>but omitted to see the
delicate workmanship of the artist. However a man's true quality has to be
judged by his best performance, and the best work of Wordsworth is indeed of a
very high order.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:12.45pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Matthew
Arnold brings out very well the nature of Wordsworth's best work. Wordsworth
at his peak, he says, seems to have surpassed even. Shakespeare. He is then no
longer in his own self. Mother Nature herself has taken her seat there and she
goes on writing herself through the hands of the poet.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:12.45pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Breaking the silence of
the seas<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span>Beyond the farthest <st1:place>Hebrides</st1:place>,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:10.55pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>and<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:10.55pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; line-height:150%; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:35.45pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>Or
hear old Triton blow his wreathèd horn,<o:p> </o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>are indeed two of the highest peaks of English
poetry.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;tab-stops:11.5pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Sri Aurobindo has said that Vyasa is the
most masculine of<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

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style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;'>Page – 443 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'>writers. Echoing his words
we may say that Wordsworth is the most masculine of English poets. This
classification of poets into &quot;masculine&quot; and &quot;feminine&quot; was
made by the poet Coleridge. &quot;Masculine&quot; means, in the first place,
devoid of ornament, whereas the &quot;feminine&quot; loves ornament. Secondly,
the masculine has intellectuality and the feminine emotionalism. Then again,
femininity is sweetness and charm, masculinity implies hard restraint; the
feminine has movement, like the flow of a stream, the play of melody, while the
masculine has immobility, like the stillness of sculpture, the stability of
the hill. This is the difference between .the Mahabharata and the Ramayana,
between the styles of Vyasa and, Valmiki. This too is the difference between
Wordsworth and Shelley. The Ramayana has always been recognised for its poetic
beauty; Valmiki is our first great poet, a<i>di-kavi. </i>In<b> </b>the
Mahabharata we find not so much the beauty of poetic form as a treasury of
knowledge, of polity and ethics, culture and moral and spiritual discipline. We
consider the Gita primarily as a work of philosophy, not of poetry. In the same
way, Wordsworth has not been able to capture the mind and heart of <st1:country-region><st1:place>India</st1:place></st1:country-region>
or <st1:place>Bengal</st1:place> as Shelley has done. In<b> </b>order truly to
appreciate Wordsworth's poetry, one must be something of a meditative ascetic, <i>dhyani,
tapasvi,– </i>indeed<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:75.35pt;line-height:
150%;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>...quiet as a Nun
<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Breathless
with adoration.<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

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<span
style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;'>Page – 444 <o:p></o:p></span></p>

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